@article{Trottier_1984, title={UNGULATE BROWSING ON 2-YEAR-OLD GROWTH OF SHRUBS ON A BOREAL MIXEDWOOD WINTER RANGE IN SOUTHWESTERN MANITOBA}, volume={20}, url={https://alcesjournal.org/index.php/alces/article/view/1445}, abstractNote={<p>Moose (<u>Alces</u> <u>alces</u>), elk (<u>Cervus</u> <u>elaphus</u>) and white-tailed deer (<u>Odocoileus</u> <u>virginianus</u>) were tracked in snow to sites of intensive feeding during late winter on a Boreal Mixedwood range in southwestern Manitoba. About 40% of the recorded bites for moose and elk on twigs of hazelnut (<u>Corylus</u> <u>cornuta</u>) terminated in 2-year-old wood. On average only 10% or less of the bites on aspen (<u>Populus</u> <u>tremuloides</u>), saskatoon (<u>Amelanchier</u> <u>alnifolia</u>), res osier (<u>Cornus</u> <u>stolonifera</u>), choke cherry (<u>Prunus</u> <u>virginiana</u>), and pin cherry (<u>Prunus</u> <u>pensylvanica</u>) terminated in 2-year-old wood. White-tailed deer seldom browsed other than current twig growth. Hazelnut was the most abundant food item on the range and the primary food item in ungulate diets. The relevance of these results to assessing range carrying capacity, range nutrition, range utilization, and foraging niches of ungulates is discussed.</p>}, journal={Alces: A Journal Devoted to the Biology and Management of Moose}, author={Trottier, Garry C.}, year={1984}, month={Jan.}, pages={47–59} }