@article{Hamr_Hall_Popp_2019, title={AN ASSESSMENT OF MOOSE AND ELK TRAIN COLLISIONS IN ONTARIO, CANADA}, volume={55}, url={https://alcesjournal.org/index.php/alces/article/view/242}, abstractNote={To better understand train collision mortality of moose (<em>Alces alces</em>) and elk (<em>Cervus elaphus</em>) in Ontario, we measured collisions along a 20 km segment of railway using post-winter railbed surveys (11 consecutive years), remote cameras, and radio-telemetered elk. We used these data to estimate provincial moose-train collision rates by extrapolating collision rates, moose density, and amount of high use railway per Wildlife Management Unit (WMU). The annual collision rate varied from 0 to 7 moose and 2 to 22 elk on the 20 km section of railway; the combined collision rate of moose and elk was highest in winters with above average snowfall. The extrapolated collision rates of moose indicated that ~1/3 of WMUs had a rate > 0.08 moose/km high use railway/yr; ~2/3 had a rate > 0.04. A conservative estimate of annual mortality was ~265 moose province-wide. Given that railway expansion is predicted globally, and specifically in Ontario, planning should include potential mitigation strategies that minimize ungulate-train collisions.}, journal={Alces: A Journal Devoted to the Biology and Management of Moose}, author={Hamr, Joe and Hall, Mike and Popp, Jesse N.}, year={2019}, month={May}, pages={1–12} }